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Where Does South Florida Drinking Water Come From?

Ever wondered where the water coming out of your faucet starts its journey? Or if it’s really as clean and safe as you hope? Let’s dive into South Florida’s water supply, some common challenges it faces, and why installing a water filtration system might be a smart move for your home.

Underwater with mangroves south florida

The Source of Florida’s Water

Florida gets most of its freshwater from underground aquifers. These natural reservoirs, made of porous rocks like limestone, hold and carry water to be used by cities, businesses, farms, and homes.


In South Florida, we rely on two key aquifer systems for our drinking water: the Surficial Aquifer System, which includes the Biscayne Aquifer, and the Intermediate Aquifer System. North and Central Florida, along with parts of nearby states, tap into the massive Floridan Aquifer System, one of the largest in the southeast.


An illustrated visual of South Florida Natural Water Resources
Photo Credit: CFWI

The Biscayne Aquifer: South Florida’s Lifeline

The Biscayne Aquifer spans over 4,000 square miles in southeastern Florida, serving Miami-Dade, Broward, and southern Palm Beach counties—home to over 5 million people! Because it’s close to the surface and flows through porous limestone, the Biscayne Aquifer is easy to access but also vulnerable to pollution.


A visual map of where the Biscayne Aquifer is located
Photo Credit: Wikipedia

Challenges Affecting South Florida’s Drinking Water

While we’re lucky to have these natural water sources, they face some big challenges that can affect the quality of the water you drink:


  1. Saltwater IntrusionSouth Florida’s declining groundwater levels let seawater creep into the freshwater supply in some areas, making the water salty and unsafe to use without treatment.

  2. “Forever Chemicals”In February 2024, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released new testing data revealing that PFAS, also known as “forever chemicals,” are a growing issue in Florida’s water. Many areas even exceeded proposed safety limits.

  3. Hard WaterFlorida water isn’t just hard—it’s very hard! Hard water is packed with minerals, measured in parts per million (ppm). For comparison, anything over 180 ppm is considered “very hard.” Miami clocks in at 219 ppm, while West Palm Beach soars to 317 ppm! This hardness can lead to buildup on faucets, dry skin, and less efficient appliances.

  4. Other Concerns

    • Agricultural runoff

    • Leaking septic tanks or sewage

    • Chlorine and bacteria

    • Total dissolved solids


The Intermediate Aquifer System

In Southwest Florida, counties like Sarasota, Charlotte, Lee, and Collier rely on the Intermediate Aquifer System. This aquifer lies deeper underground and is protected by clay layers, which help keep it free from surface contamination. However, in some areas, the deeper Floridan Aquifer contains salty, brackish water.


Why a Water Filtration System Is a Good Idea

Even with city water treatment plants working hard, contaminants, minerals, and even saltwater can make their way into your drinking water. A high-quality filtration system gives you the confidence that every drop you drink is clean, safe, and healthy.

Whether it’s tackling hard water or ensuring your water is free of chemicals and pollutants, filtration systems help you take control of your home’s water supply.

Peace of mind is priceless—why not start with your water? If you’re concerned about what’s in your water, consider getting it tested and exploring filtration options today!

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